Unlike File Transfer Protocol (FTP), STFP communicates over a Secure connection initiated through SSH2 and is a Packet-Based protocol, instead of a Text-Based protocol like FTP, which in turn will faster due to less data being transferred over the wire than FTP text-based protocol. SFTP was developed in the 1990's and is detailed thoroughly in this RFC Draft Specification.
Related Post: What is SCP Definition & RFC SSH-2 is integrated into SFTP which provides for a fully encrypted transport layer over which you can execute SFTP commands as needed and transfer files across as well, which is its primary use. SFTP, which stands for SSH (or Secure) File Transfer Protocol, usually runs on Port 22 (but can be assigned whatever port you want) and is a way for transferring files between machines over a Secure and Encrypted Connection, unlike FTP, which transfers data over an insecure and unencrypted connection.
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